Jan 22, 2025 · research and development, in industry, two intimately related processes by which new products and new forms of old products are brought into being through technological innovation.

Jan 22, 2025 · Research and development - Innovation, Processes, Strategies: Most research and development projects are examples of a project, or one-shot, production system. Here, as opposed to the ongoing activity found in batch or continuous systems, resources are brought together for a period of time, focused on a particular task, such as the development ...

research and development (R&D), In industry, two closely related processes by which new products and new forms of old products are created through technological innovation. The work generally focuses on two types of research, basic and applied.

Jan 22, 2025 · Research and development - Labs, Experiments, Innovation: Company laboratories fall into three clear categories: research laboratories, development laboratories, and test laboratories.

Jan 22, 2025 · PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) was first used in the development of submarines capable of firing Polaris missiles. CPM (the Critical Path Method) was used to manage the annual maintenance work in an oil and chemical refinery.

Dec 13, 2024 · Research and development - Independent Labs: The concept of a laboratory that maintains itself solely by selling research originated with the Mellon Institute in Pittsburgh before World War I.

Dec 3, 2024 · RAND Corporation, nonpartisan think tank whose original focus was national security. It grew out of a research-and-development project (its name is a contraction of “research and development”) by Douglas Aircraft Co. for the Army Air Force in 1945. In 1948 it became a private nonprofit corporation.

Office of Scientific Research and Development was created in June 1941 and given joint responsibility with the war department in the Manhattan Project to develop an atomic bomb.

Applied research carries the findings of basic research to a point where they can be exploited to meet a specific need, while the development stage of research and development includes the steps necessary to bring a new or modified product or process into production.

Jan 14, 2025 · Pharmaceutical industry - Drug Discovery, Development: A variety of approaches is employed to identify chemical compounds that may be developed and marketed. The current state of the chemical and biological sciences required for pharmaceutical development dictates that 5,000–10,000 chemical compounds must undergo laboratory screening for each ...